What is DDM/DOM for Fiber Optic Transceiver?

by Fiber-MART.COM

Usually when we buy SFP transceivers, we will have options with its DDM functions, so what is DDM? Obviously a SFP with DDM is high-ender than one which without DDM functions. What the DDM use for?

 

 

What’s DDM/DDM?

 

DDM is Digital-diagnostic-monitoring (this feature is also known as digital optical monitoring (DOM)) which provides a user with critical information concerning the status of the transmitted and received signals. This approach allows for better fault isolation and error detection.

 

 

Digital diagnostics monitor the SFP module’s temperature, receiver power, transmitter bias current, and transmitter power. Usually, the output of the physical value of each parameter is an analog voltage or current from the Trans impedance amplifier, the laser driver, or the post amplifier. Engineers use ADCs to digitize those physical values. With the digitized value, a microcontroller can then either process data as part of a control loop, trigger an alarm, or just record the data into a register.

 

 

The features of Digital Diagnostic Monitoring:

 

1. Monitoring module operating temperature

 

2. Monitoring module operating voltage

 

3. Monitoring module operating current 

 

4. Display module factory version.

 

 

 

Through real-time monitoring the module internal operating voltage and temperature, allowing the system administrators to find out some potential problems :

 

 

1) If Vcc voltage is too high, it will breakdown CMOS device; If Vcc voltage is too low, the laser does not work.

 

2) If received power is too high, it will damage the receiver module

 

3) If Working temperature is too high, it will accelerate the aging of the device.

 

What’s more, it can monitor the circuit and the performance of the remote transmitters by monitoring the received optical power meter.

 

 

 

Digital diagnostics monitor the SFP module’s temperature, receiver power, transmitter bias current, and transmitter power. Usually, the output of the physical value of each parameter is an analog voltage or current from the Trans impedance amplifier, the laser driver, or the post amplifier. Engineers use ADCs to digitize those physical values. With the digitized value, a microcontroller can then either process data as part of a control loop, trigger an alarm, or just record the data into a register.

Application of Fiber Transceiver in Fiber-optic communication

by Fiber-MART.COM

Data transmission distance primarily governs the choice of fiber optic transceiver type and optical fiber. When working with distances up to 2 km, use multimode optical-fiber cable. Singlemode optical-fiber cable, however, is more bandwidth-intensive and has less potential for modal dispersion and noise than multimode optical-fiber cable, translating to the ability to transmit beyond the distance limitations of multimode. Achieving long distance transmission with fiber optic transceivers is not difficult with the proper network tools. Single strand fiber solutions are the simplest way to long distance transmission. In this page we will introduce the application of fiber optic transceiver in the network construction progress which combines with this experience.

 

Use Optical Transceivers Rather Than Copper for Shorter Distance Applications

 

Copper SFPs provide a high-speed RJ45 data connector interface for unshielded, twisted-pair copper cable. The 1000BASE-T copper SFP allows a maximum link distance of up to 100 m. For 1Gbps Cisco SFP modules, if the optical transmission distance is less than 275 metres, multimode or single-mode optical fibre and any type of transceiver (figure shown below is a Cisco GLC-SX-MM OEM SFP) can be used. If the transmission distance is between 275 and 500 metres, 50/125-micron multimode or single-mode optical fibre and any type of transceiver can be used.

 

glc sx mm price

Use Single- module SFP Transceivers for Long Distance Fiber Network Applications

 

If the transmission distance exceeds 500 metres, only single-mode optical fibre and a long wave laser transceiver can be used. With the IEEE802.3ae tandard, seven new media types were defined for LAN, metropolitan area network and wide area network connectivity:

 

1000BASE-SX SFP for Multimode Fiber Only – link lengths up to 550m

1000BASE-LX/LH SFP for Both Multimode and Single-Mode Fibers - link lengths up to 10km on SMF and up to 550m on MMF.

1000BASE-EX SFP for Long-Reach Single-Mode Fibers - link lengths up to 40km.

1000BASE-ZX SFP for Long-Reach Single-Mode Fibers - link lengths up to 70km.

Use Dual-rate Optical Transceivers for Long-Reach Fiber Network Applications

 

The dual-rate SFP is interoperable with the IEEE 100BASE-LX and 1000BASE-LX/LH standards. In a dual-fiber single network configuration, it takes a group of fiber optic transceivers to achieve the desired electrical signal and light signal. When fiber optic transceivers are arranged in a group, they may exchange electrical signals and light signals. Fiber optic transceiver ports can be configured in adaptive mode.

 

Use 1000BASE-BX10 SFPs for Single-Fiber Bidirectional Applications

 

As we known, the 1000BASE-BX-D and 1000BASE-BX-U SFPs, compatible with the IEEE 802.3ah 1000BASE-BX10-D and 1000BASE-BX10-U standards, operate on a single strand of standard SMF. The1000Base-BX10 specification provides single-mode, single fiber support at a signaling speed of 1250 Mbps for a span of 10 km or greater depending on fiber type. The two wavelength ranges employed are:

 

Downlink at 1480 to 1500 nm

Uplink at 1260 to 1360 nm

Single-mode fiber enjoys lower fiber attenuation than multimode fiber and retains better fidelity of each light pulse, as it exhibits no dispersion caused by multiple modes. Thus, information can be transmitted over longer distances. Like multimode fiber, early single-mode fiber was generally characterized as step-index fiber meaning the refractive index of the fiber core is a step above that of the cladding rather than graduated as it is in graded-index fiber. Modern single-mode fibers have evolved into more complex designs such as matched clad, depressed clad, and other exotic structures.

 

Originally published at www.fiber-mart.com

Crimping Tool Types And Operation

by Fiber-MART.COM

The crimping tool is used for creating a joint between two metal pieces or other materials with good malleability. The joint formed by crimping needs to be strong to ensure that the application works properly. Crimping tools are available in different types to support various types of applications. fiber-mart is a good crimping tools supplier.  We provide many types of crimping tools in all possible varieties so that the purchasers are able to make the right choice while being in our store.

 

For example, the structured cabling system lays stress on following the practices which will add elegance, discipline, method and reliability to cabling. The tools which are used in installation of a cabling system go a long way in and can sustain extensive use in the field. Modular Crimping Tool can be used to crimp RJ-45(related products: rj45 plug) and RJ-11 types of fiber connectors. It is a highly compact and rugged tool and is meant for continuous use in the field. The parallel action design maintains accurate.

 

Hand operated crimpers are the most frequently used of all crimping tool types. Most are designed in a basic plier pattern with one or a number of crimping points machined into their jaws. This type of tool is typically used to effect smaller crimps on steel cables, electrical connections and terminations, preinsulated lugs and ferrules, and RJ type plugs. The crimp points on hand crimpers are either half round compression or cup and tab crimp type designs. This type of crimper is generally used to crimp steel or copper ferrules or sleeves to join two lengths of steel or electrical cable.

 

Types of Crimping Tools

 

First and foremost, you must offer these them manufactured in different types. Different customers might come and ask for a specific type. learn about different types of tools used for crimping form the below list:

 

1.Cable tie tools are the crimping tools used to tighten the ties around the bundles of wires or cables.

2.Compression crimp tools are used for terminating twisted-pair modular plugs and coaxial compression connectors.

3.RJ45 crimp tools are used for crimping the wires of various connectors like RJ45, RJ-11, RJ-12 and so on.

4.Point to cup tools are used with round section crimp sleeves. Besides, there are cup to cup tools available in different varieties like standard duty tool, heavy duty tool and bench press tool.

 

Crimp Tool Operation

 

A crimping tool is an essential part of the crimping process, the other parts being the terminal and wire. Terminal size is largely universal and can accept many sizes of gauged wire, which can also vary widely within the same nominative value. As such, the crimp tool is a means of compressing the terminal to both the wire’s insulation (for positioning) and the wire’s brush (for conduction).

 

The quality of the tooling determines the quality of the crimp design. Common considerations include if the volume of crimping deserves an automated wire stripping and process machine, or if the application is better suited by an on-site, handheld crimping tool. Many tools will have two crimping cavities to properly roll the terminal’s crimps, and possibly more if there are two conductors in the wire. Some crimp tools will feature several gauge sizes and possibly a stripper to enhance the crimper’s utility. Crimp tools may also feature interchangeable dies. Die-less crimpers are meant for general applications.

 

fiber-mart supplies a wide variety of specialized cable crimping tool, modular crimping tool, network cables crimpers which are all at very competitive price to help you get the job done right. For more information, please contact our sales representative right now.

40G QSFP+ Direct Attach Copper Cabling

by Fiber-MART.COM

Today’s enterprise data centers and networking environments are undergoing an infrastructure transformation, requiring higher speeds, greater scalability, and higher levels of performance and reliability to better meet the demands of business. As speed and performance needs increase, modern copper cables have become an integral part of overall system design. QSFP+ direct attach copper breakout cables are designed to meet emerging data center and high performance computing application needs for a short distance and high density cabling interconnect system capable of delivering an aggregate data bandwidth of 40Gb/s. These high speed cables provide a highly cost-effective way to upgrade from 10G to 40G or 40G to 40G interconnect connection.

 

How to Use a 40G QSFP+ Direct Attach Copper Cable QSFP+ direct attach copper cables can be mainly divided into two types. One is QSFP+ to 4 SFP+ direct attach breakout copper cable, and the other is QSFP+ to QSFP+ direct attach copper cable. In fact, there is a third type QSFP+ direct attach copper cable called QSFP+ to 4 XFP breakout cable. Since it is not common, this article may not make discussion. However, regardless of what type of cables, they are both used to connect switch to switch or switch to sever. For a QSFP+ to 4 SFP+ direct attach breakout copper cable, it has a QSFP+ connector on one end and four SFP+ connectors on the other end. In terms of a QSFP+ to QSFP+ direct attach copper cable, it has a QSFP+ connector on both ends of the cable. When we use a fiber optic transceiver and patch cable to establish a fiber link, we should firstly plug the transceiver to the switch and then plug the patch cable to the transceiver. But for a QSFP+ direct attach copper cable, either SFP+ connector or QSFP+ connector, can be both directly inserted into the switch and don’t need a transceiver at all, which provides a really cost-effective solution for interconnecting high speed 40G switches to existing 10G equipment or 40G switches to 40G switches.

 

40G QSFP+ to 4 SFP+ Direct Attach Copper Cabling The move from 10G to 40G Ethernet will be a gradual one. It is very likely that one may deploy switches that have 40G Ethernet ports while the servers still have 10G Ethernet ports. For that situation, we should use a QSFP+ to 4 SFP+ direct attach breakout copper cable. These cables connect to a 40G QSFP port of a switch on one end and to four 10G SFP+ ports of a switch on the other end, which allows a 40G Ethernet port to be used as four independent 10G ports thus providing increased density while permitting backward compatibility and a phased upgrade of equipment. As a lower cost alternative to MTP/MPO breakouts for short reach applications up to 5 meters, it helps IT organizations achieve new levels of infrastructure consolidation while expanding application and service capabilities.

 

40G QSFP+ to QSFP+ Direct Attach Copper Cabling QSFP+ to QSFP+ direct attach copper cable are suitable for very short distances and offer a highly cost-effective way to establish a 40G link between QSFP+ ports of QSFP+ switches within racks and across adjacent racks. These cables connect to a 40G QSFP port of a switch on one end and to another 40G QSFP port of a switch on the other end. Supporting similar applications to SFP+, these four-lane high speed interconnects were designed for high density applications at 10Gb/s transmission speeds per lane. One QSFP+ to QSFP+ direct attach copper cable link is equivalent to 4 SFP+ cable links, providing greater density and reduced system cost. Passive and active QSFP+ to QSFP+ direct attach copper cables are both available. With a active QSFP+ to QSFP+ direct attach copper cable assembly, the connection is capable of distances of up to 10 meters.

 

Besides 40G QSFP+ to 4 SFP+ and QSFP+ to QSFP+ direct attach copper cables, fiber-mart also provide other high speed cables such as 10G SFP+ direct attach cables, 40G QSFP+ to 4 XFP breakout copper cables and 40G QSFP+ to 8xLC breakout active optical cables. All these cables work with Cisco or other third-party switches. For more information, welcome to visit www.fiber-mart.com or contact us via sales@fiber-mart.com.

Cummins ISF2.8 Hydraulic Pump 5286672

Cummins ISF2.8 Hydraulic Pump 5286672

 Part Number:5286672

Part Name:Hydraulic Pump

Model:Cummins ISF2.8

Description

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